Pre-ATL cases have the monoclonal proliferation of abnormal lymphocytes, without signs of malignant proliferation or clinical signs and symptoms related to leukemia. The prevalence of the preleukemic state of adult T-cell leukemia (pre-ATL) was studied in Nagasaki prefecture, one of the endemic human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) areas in Japan. Thus, it would appear that c-mos sequences do not play a role in the transformation of rodent cells by chemical or physical agents, although the possible role of other endogenous onc sequences remains to be determined. This was in contrast to a Moloney sarcoma virus-transformed cell line in which we found that the integrated v-mos sequence was both undermethylated and extensively transcribed. In addition, analysis of cellular RNAs by blot hybridization with the v-mos probe failed to detect evidence of transcription of the c-mos sequences in any of these cell types. Parallel studies employing the restriction enzyme isoschizomers HpaII and MspI indicated that in all of these cell types the c-mos sequences were heavily methylated. DNA-DNA hybridization, utilizing the Southern blotting technique and a plasmid-derived DNA probe representing the v-mos sequence, gave no evidence for rearrangements of the c-mos sequence in the DNAs obtained from these diverse cell types. activity of c-mos sequences in a variety of normal rodent tissues, normal cell lines, or cell lines transformed by radiation or chemical carcinogens. Because of the possible significance of c-mos sequences in normal development and malignant transformation induced by physical or chemical agents, we have examined the state of integration, methylation, and transcriptional. Moloney murine sarcoma virus carries an oncogenic sequence (v-mos) which is homologous to a single copy gene (c-mos) present in the normal cells of several vertebrate species.
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